Ornithofauna of solid waste landfills of the Kharkov city

Main Article Content

Y. Y. Dementieieva

Abstract

Introduction. As a result of consumer activity, household waste is generated, which is stored in specially designated landfills. Such areas are factors of multifunctional impact on the environment and are characterized by the release of filtrate and gases, various types of air pollution, soils and groundwater, the transformation of natural landscapes. The biotic component of ecosystems responds most dynamically to changes in landscape conditions, which appear in the transformation of vegetation and the formation of specific fauna. The fauna of such areas is most characterized by avifauna. Birds are attracted mainly by food resources, as well as conditions for rest, wintering, nesting away from humans.

Purpose. Тo identify the species composition and ecological features of the formation of avifauna of the territory of Dergachiv and Rohan landfills in Kharkiv.

Methods. To obtain general idea of the avifauna of landfills, route and point accounting methods were used, using optical equipment (binoculars, camera) and the field determinant "Birds of the Fauna of Ukraine" (Fesenko, Bokotei, 2002). The similarity coefficient is determined by the Jakarra formula.

Results. The species composition of the avifauna is represented by a total of 66 species, from 25 families and 11 series. The dominant genus - Passeriformes (Passeriformes), the largest number of members of the family is Crows (Corvidae). The areas of landfills are divided into functional areas for human use to provide the most correct description of the structure of birds in relation to landfill areas - the dominant species are concentrated in the area of active waste unloading, others are usually found around the landfill and on the reclaimed landfill. The similarity of the species composition of the avifauna of two landfills was determined - the similarity coefficient is equal to 0.12, which indicates a small similarity, but noticeable one. The species composition is divided according to trophic preferences according to the classification of Kostin S. Yu. And it is determined that the largest share among the avifauna of landfills is occupied by entomophagous (33.3%) and polyphagous (27.8%). It should be noted that the dominant species by the number of representatives on the landfill are fully polyphagous.

Originality. In Kharkiv region, the study of the composition and ecological features of the avifauna of landfills is conducted for the first time.

Conclusion. Thus, the species composition of the avifauna of landfills is quite diverse and is formed mainly in two regular directions - the adaptation of species to changes in environmental conditions and the concentration of species that are attracted by the available forage base and conditions for wintering. Differences arise in response to geographical location, landscape conditions, proximity to water, settlements, and so on.

Article Details

Section
Статті

References

Aseeva, S.V., & Dementieva, Ya. Yu. (2020). Direct and indirect impact of the avifauna of solid waste landfills on the urban system and public health. Zaporozhye: VI International. scientific-practical conference "Modern problems of biology, ecology and chemistry". 40 - 41. (in Ukr.).

Aseeva, S.V., & Andrusenko, L. Yu., Dementieva Ya. Yu. (2020). The role of flora of landfills in the life of birds. Lviv: XIX All-Ukrainian. Science-Practice Internet Conference Jr. uch. "Young scientists in solving current problems of biology, animal husbandry and veterinary medicine." 30. (in Ukr.).

Bilyk, G.S. (2011). Ecological and coenotical peculiarities of the plant cover on municipal solid waste landfills in lviv region. Volume 2 (9), № 1. 33-50. ISSN 2220-3087. (in Ukr.).

Hrynasiuk, A. R. Methodical Bases of Landscapes Attractiveness Estimates.: coll. Science. Eastern European Ave. nat. Univ. Lesya Ukrainka. № 11. 132–135. (in Ukr.).

Dementieieva, Ya. Yu., & Aseeva, S.V. (2019). Peculiarities of avifauna formation in the territories of landfills. Biodiversity and the role of animals in ecosystems: Proceedings of the X International Scientific Conference. Dnieper: Lira. 33 - 34. (in Ukr.).

Dementieieva, Ya. Yu., & Aseeva, S.V. (2020). The value of solid waste landfills for birds in winter. Social and environmental technologies: current issues of theory and practice: Mat. XII International. Internet conference: Color Print LLC. 125–126(in Ukr.).

Dementieieva Ya. Yu., Aseeva SV (2020). Ecological role of rook on landfills of solid household waste and its environs: Environmental protection: coll. Science. Articles of the 16th All-Ukrainian Scientific Taliyiv Readings. H .: VN Karazin KhNU. 40-41. (in Ukr.).

Dementieieva, Ya. Yu., Andrusenko, L. Yu., & Kryshtal, AI (2020). Features of nutrition of birds at landfills of solid household waste of the city of Kharkiv: Environmental protection: coll. Science. Articles of the 16th All-Ukrainian Scientific Taliyiv Readings. H .: VN Karazin KhNU. 162–164. (in Ukr.).

Dementieieva, Ya.Yu., Aseeva, S.V., Andrusenko, L.Yu, & Chaplygina, A.B. (2020). Analysis of

solid waste landfills vegetation cover of Kharkiv region. Studia Biologica. 23–34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30970/sbi.1404.640

Zabashta, A.V. (2005). Biodiversity and the role of zoocenosis in natural and anthropogenic ecosystems: Proceedings of the III International Scientific Conference. D .: DNU Publishing House. 415–417. (in Ukr.).

Kostin, S.Yu. (1992). Silver gull in the ruderal habitats of the Crimea. Stavropol: Silver Gull: Distribution, taxonomy, ecology. 118–120. (in Rus).

Kostin, S.Yu. (1996). Fauna, distribution and number of birds at landfills for solid household waste in the Crimea: Proceedings of the Ukrainian Ornithological Society, Vol. 1. 94–112. (in Rus).

Kostin, S.Yu. (1996). The place and significance of ruderal complexes in the urban landscape. Kyiv: Urbanized environment: nature protection and human health. 193–196. (in Rus).

Kostin, S. Yu. (1999). Materials on bird biology at landfills in Crimea. Ornithological Bulletin serinus. № 2. 14–21. (in Rus).

Crystal, A., Andrusenko, L., Dementieva, J., & Sorokovenko, R. (2020). Features of formation of avifauna of birds of prey on landfills of solid household waste. Zaporozhye: VI International. scientific-practical conference "Modern problems of biology, ecology and chemistry". 39 - 40. (in Ukr.).

Kucherenko, V.N. (2016). Birds and mammals of the Simferopol landfill for solid waste: ecosystems. Issue. 8. 94–100. (in Rus).

Leontiev, D.V. (2007). Floristic analysis in mycology: a textbook. H .: Basis. 160. (in Ukr.).

Mamedova, Yu. & Luhanska, V. (2019). On the expediency of conducting research on avifauna on man-made reservoirs of sewage treatment plants in Kharkiv. Dnipro: X International Scientific Conference Zoocenosis – 2019. Biodiversity and the role of animals in ecosystems. 36-37(in Ukr.).

Mamedova, Y.P., & Lugansk, V.O. (2020). The importance of sewage treatment plants in the

city of Kharkiv in maintaining the vital activity of birds in winter. Melitopol: XII International Internet Conference "Social and Environmental Technologies: Current Issues in Theory and Practice". 171–173 (in Ukr.).

Mamedova, Yu.P. (2020). Species diversity of the family Corvidae in the winter on the territory of the biological treatment complex "Bezlyudovsky" M. Kharkiv. Kharkiv Nature Forum: III International. conf. mol. scientist. / Kharkiv. nat. ped. Univ. GS Frying pans; [for general ed. T. Yu. Markina, DV Leontiev]. 183-185(in Ukr.).

Myers, P. (1989). Gulls are what gulls eat: Amer. Birds. N2. 207–209.

Fesenko, G.V., & Bokotey, A.A. (2002). Birds of the fauna of Ukraine: a field determinant. 416. (in Ukr.).

Shilova, I.I. (1990). Natural vegetation of landfills and landfills for solid household and industrial waste in a large industrial city. Sverdlovsk. Estestvennaia rastytelnost promыshlennыkh y urbanyzyrovannыkh terrytoryi Urala [Natural vegetation of industrial and urban areas of the Urals]. 41-57. (in Rus).