Features of indicators of heart rhythm variability in cyber-athletes compared to it specialists and untrained persons

Main Article Content

Юлія Луць
Олександр Бакуновський
Галина Лук’янцева
Світлана Федорчук

Abstract

Introduction. In today’s digital world, the popularity of eSports as a profession and entertainment is growing, and the number of IT professionals working in the computer industry is also increasing. These two areas are associated with a long sedentary lifestyle, which can have serious consequences for blood circulation and general health. This study aims to analyze the effects of prolonged sitting using computers and mental load on the autonomic balance of e-athletes, IT specialists and untrained individuals. Identifying potential negative effects and developing effective strategies to mitigate them are important steps toward maintaining health and productivity in both of these industries.


Purpose. The aim is to study the characteristics of changes in heart function, namely heart rate variability as a marker of autonomic balance in groups of e-athletes, IT specialists and untrained individuals.


Methods. 41 men took part in the study, namely three groups: the KIB group (14 e-athletes), the IT group (13 people, IT specialists) and the NT group (14 untrained people) aged 17-25. Registration of vegetative balance indicators (carried out using the diagnostic computerized complex "Cardio+" (Ukraine) with the option of registering 100 cardio intervals. To determine the state of psychophysiological functions, assess the speed and accuracy of response, the ratio of excitation and inhibition processes in response to a moving object All respondents used the diagnostic complex "Diagnost-1". To study the variability of the heart rhythm, by registering RytmKG, they used the analysis according to Baevsky. Statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out using descriptive statistics of IMB SPSS Statistics, version 26, using non-parametric methods.


Results and Conclusion. In a state of rest, the activity of the sympathetic nervous system prevails in sportsmen who specialize in the game genre (МОВА, Shooter). On the other hand, in the same state, IT specialists are distinguished by a decrease in the activity of the parasympathetic nervous system. When performing an imitation of working on a keyboard, the activity of the sympathetic nervous system prevails in e-athletes and IT specialists, which probably indicates the emergence of a starting state in e-athletes and the readiness to switch to work for IT specialists. In the volunteers examined by us (NT group), who, unlike cyber sportsmen and IT specialists, are not professional computer users, the activity of the sympathetic nervous system prevails at rest, but to a lesser extent than in the cyber athletes examined by us. During imitation of work on a computer keyboard and when passing computerized psychophysiological tests in untrained persons, the activity of the parasympathetic department of the nervous system prevails. We assume that such changes in autonomic regulation are due to the perception of "communication with the computer" as recreation or entertainment. The need to react quickly (SVMR test) and to solve problems related to the method of quick reaction (RCh1-3 and RCh2-3) causes less stress in the functioning of regulatory systems in e-sportsmen compared to IT specialists. Probably, such a difference is due to sports selection and a high level of adaptation of e-athletes (training) to activities that require a quick reaction. In all three consecutive attempts of the RMO test, e-athletes compared to IT specialists were more accurate, due to greater activity of the sympathetic nervous system. The dynamics of HRV changes in the e-athletes group shows the consistent development of states characteristic of sports activities: starting state (combat readiness), training, steady state. In contrast to athletes, IT specialists and untrained young men have a stress reaction to changes in HRV during the test, rather than the development of conditions characteristic of sports activities.

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