Effect of interleukin-2 on antioxidant system and lipid peroxidation during physical activity
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction. Adaptation to physical activity in human’s and animal’s body occurs by changing many metabolic processes. Thus, when physical exercises are performing, the oxygen consumption in the organs increases in several times depending of intensity and duration of the load. It leads to increase of the level of free radical processes in the tissues. Lipid peroxidation processes play an important role in the mechanisms of adaptive responses, the maintenance of resistance and homeostasis, which is connected with their crucial role in regulating of structural and functional properties of the biological membranes. As interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a key cytokine for triggering a cellular immune response, it is interesting for understanding the immune response, elucidate the role of IL-2 in development of adaptation to physical stress and to establish the influence of IL-2 at the prooxidant-antioxidant system during physical training.
Purpose – to study intensity of lipid peroxidation processes and condition of the antioxidant system under the influence of IL-2 and its inhibitor during physical training.
Methods. The study was performed on white outbred adult male mice (n=96). 5 experimental groups and a control group (without physical activity) were organized. Group I received an inhibitor of IL-2 (Cyclosporine, 10 mg/kg), Groups II, III and IV – IL-2 (Roncoleukin, 5000, 7500 and 30,000 IU/kg, respectively), V – physiological saline. Forced swimming with a load (7.5% of body weight) was used as physical training. The study was divided into periods (0, 2, 4 and
6 Weeks). The level of malonic dialdehyde was used as a marker of lipid peroxidation, and the level of catalase activity was used to determine the activity of the antioxidant system. The quantitative determination of catalase and malonic dialdehyde levels in the liver homogenate was performed using a spectrophotometric method.
Results. We found a pronounced multidirectional change in experimental parameters, investigating the dynamics of the prooxidant-antioxidant system, which may indicate the peculiarities of adaptive changes during exercise under conditions of stimulation and inhibition of IL-2.
Originality. It was first established that the inhibition of IL-2 during exercise led to increased the activity of both prooxidant and antioxidant systems. Stimulation of IL-2 at low and medium concentrations during exercise led to the activation of both systems, but the prooxidant system prevailed, and at high concentrations caused the activation of both systems. We have shown that IL-2 during exercise can affect to the activity and a balance between the prooxidant and antioxidant systems of the body.
Conclusion. It was found that inhibition of IL-2 at the 2ndWeek of exercise led to increase in the catalase activity and decrease in the MDA level, at the 4thWeek these effects were amplified. At the 6thWeek there was a partial decrease in the catalase activity, but it remained more baseline, and a significant increase in the level of MDA. It was detected that animals with receiving IL-2 at low and medium concentrations showed a significant increase in the activity of both catalase and MDA level at the 2ndWeek of physical training, at the 4thWeek there was a decrease in both indicators, and at the 6thWeek the activity catalase decreased (but did not reach baseline), and the level of MDA increased. It was installed that IL-2 at high concentration during exercise had the following effect: at the 2nd and 4thWeeks – increased the catalase activity and decreased the MDA level, and at the 6thWeek – the catalase activity continued to increase with the level of MDA.
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