Influence of stress factors on immune system
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction. To common environmental factors that cause the dynamics of indicators of natural resistance, we can refer stress of diverse nature. Contamination of large areas with radionuclides due to the Chernobyl accident is considered to be an additional stress factor for the population of Ukraine. If we take into consideration possible psycho-emotional stress, the synergistic interaction of expressed immunosuppressants can be predicted.
Purpose. The aim of this research is to determine the changes of natural resistance in the conditions of individual and combined influence of stress factors.
Methods. The examined were divided into two groups: residents of radiation free areas (control group) and the inhabitants of the areas of enhanced radiation monitoring. We evaluated the impact of additional emotional and physical activity at physical training lessons during studying at the University, the role of immunogenetic factors of blood in the functioning of immune system, and the length of the recovery period. Indicators of cellular immunity were determined by immunophenotyping and dyeing on Romanowsky-Giemsa. The level of immunoglobulins in blood plasma was determined by radial immunodiffusion on Mancini. Haptoglobin phenotype (Hp) was determined by electrophoresis in starch gels. To assess blood groups on AB0 system we used hemagglutinating blood serum. To assess the phenotype of Rh factor, a quick test of determining Rh-groups was used.
Results. We have found that examined from radiation free areas have quite stable natural resistance indices, and under conditions of emotional stress demonstrate changes that don't go beyond homeostatic norm. Recovery period is within two weeks. In residents of territories contaminated with radionuclides, there can be observed a redistribution of indices of nonspecific immunity in favor of polymorphonuclear neutrophils, a statistically significant decrease of functionally mature T-lymphocytes with phenotypes CD3+ and CD4+, immunoregulatory index CD4+/CD8+ and the level of natural killer cells with phenotype CD16+. Also, an increase of serum immunoglobulin (IgG and IgM) level is observed on the background of the absence of strongly pronounced dynamics of antibody-forming cells. Under conditions of influence of psycho-emotional stress, in this group we observe the indicators of specific immune suppression (going beyond the limits of physiological homeostatic norm), the most pronounced at certain combinations of genetic markers of blood. The duration of the recovery period of examined is more than three weeks. Moderate exercising at the lessons of physical education and trainings, cause in all patients, regardless of their place of residence or genetic components, moderate dynamics of immune system indices, compensated during a short period of time.
Conclusion. Thus, the main immunosuppressant of stressful nature is the chronic effect of low doses of radiation, while sensitivity to this effect is significantly determined by genetic factors and emotional stress.
Article Details
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
AGREEMENT ABOUT TRANSMISSION OF COPYRIGHT
I, the author of the article / We, the authors of the manuscript _______________________________________________________________________
in case of its acceptance for publication, we transfer the following rights to the founders and editorial boards of the scientific publication "Cherkasy University Bulletin: Biological Sciences Series":
1. Publication of this article in Ukrainian (English) and distribution of its printed version.
2. Dissemination of the electronic version of the article through any electronic means (placing on the official journal web site, in electronic databases, repositories, etc.). At the same time we reserve the right without consent of the editorial board and the founders:
1. Use the materials of the article in whole or in part for educational purposes.
2. To use the materials of the article in whole or in part for writing your own theses.
3. Use article materials to prepare Summarys, conference reports, and oral presentations.
4. Post electronic copies of the article (including the final electronic version downloaded from the journal's official website) to:
a. personal web-pecypcax of all authors (web sites, web pages, blogs, etc.);
b. web-pecypcax of the institutions where the authors work (including electronic institutional repositories);
with. non-profit, open-source web-pecypcax (such as arXiv.org).
With this agreement, we also certify that the submitted manuscript meets the following criteria:
1. Does not contain calls for violence, incitement of racial or ethnic enmity, which are disturbing, threatening, shameful, libelous, cruel, indecent, vulgar, etc.
2. Does not infringe the copyrights and intellectual property rights of others or organizations; contains all the references to the cited authors and / or publications envisaged by applicable copyright law, as well as the results and facts used in the article by other authors or organizations.
3. It has not been previously published in other publishers and has not been published in other publications.
4. Does not include materials that are not subject to publication in the open press, in accordance with applicable law.
____________________ ___________________
First name, Last name, signature of the author
"___" __________ 20__
References
Shirinsky, I., Shirinsky, V. (2001). Social stress disorders and immunity. Russ. J. Immunol. 6(2), 207-214.
Manuck, S.B., Cohen, S., Rabin, B.S. (1991). Individual differences in cellular immune response to stress. Psychological Science, 2, 111-114.
Godekmerdan, A., Ozden, M., Ayar A. (2004). Diminished cellular and humoral immunity in workers occupationally exposed to low levels of ionizing radiation. Arch. Med. Res., 35, 324-328.
Sajjadieh, M.R., Sheikh, L.V., Kuznetsova V.B. (2009). Effect of ionizing radiation on development process of T-cell population lymphocytes in Chernobyl children. Iran. J. Radiat. Res., 7, 127-133.
McMahon, D., Vdovenko, V., Karmaus, W. (2014). Effects of long-term low-level radiation exposure after the Chernobyl catastrophe on immunoglobulins in children residing in contaminated areas: prospective and cross-sectional studies. Environmental Health, 13(1), 36.
Titov, L., Kharitonic, G., Gourmanchuk, I., Ignatenko, S. (1995). Effects of Radiation on the Production of Immunoglobulins in Children Subsequent to the Chernobyl Disaster. Allergy and Asthma Proceedings, 16(4), 185-193.
Gleeson, M. (2006). Immune system adaptation in elite athletes. Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care, 9(6), 659-65.
Gani, F., Passalacqua G., Senna, G., Mosca Frezet, M. (2003). Sport, immune system and respiratory infections. Eur. Ann Allergy Clin. Immunol., 35(2), 41-6.
Kato, Sh., Kimura, M., Takakura I. (1999). Possible associations between HLA antigens and the immune responsiviness to attenuated Rubella vaccine. Tissue Antigens, 1999, 45(5), 475–478.
Pramanik, T., Pramanik, S. (2000). Distribution of AB0 and Rh blood groups in Nepalese medical students. A Report., 6(1), 156-158