Resting energy expenditure in skilled athletes
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction. Resting energy expenditure is an important indicator of metabolic status. The impact of long-term sports activities on resting energy expenditure is not definitively determined. Published results on REE in athletes have significant differences.
Purpose. To examine the resting energy expenditure in skilled athletes and compare it to that of untrained people
Methods. Analysis and generalization of scientific data in the field of research, bioelectrical impedance analysis, indirect calorimetry and statistical data processing.
Results. Resting energy expenditure (REE) in male athletes was 2132.9 ± 339.7 kcal · day − 1. REE is most correlated with body weight (r = 0.77, p <0.05) and lean body mass (LBM) (r = 0.74,
p <0.05)). Analysis of scientific data shows that REE in athletes is not constant and may decrease after a period of intense training. These changes are associated with a decrease in the rate of metabolic reactions and a probable increase in catabolic processes. During intense training, the need for energy increases significantly, and in case of insufficient compensation of energy expenditure from diet, a cascade of metabolic, hormonal and nervous reactions aimed at maintaining homeostasis and energy conservation is provoked.
Originality. Resting energy expenditure and body composition relation was analyzed in skilled athletes and non-athletes.
Conclusion. Resting energy expenditure in male athletes is significantly higher (p <0.05) compared to untrained men (2132.9 ± 339.7 and 1772.1 ± 305.7 kcal · day − 1, respectively). This increase is associated with both an increase in LBM and an increase in its metabolic activity. Among the factors influencing the REE of athletes, the greatest contribution is made by body weight (r = 0.77, p <0.05) and lean body mass (r = 0.74, p <0.05), as well as the intensity of physiological processes. Proactive monitoring of energy consumption and expenditure during intense training periods to compensate for increased energy expenditure can provide more objective control of the athlete's recovery. Therefore, the determination of resting energy expenditure is an informative indicator of metabolic status and can be used in comprehensive monitoring of functional status and recovery of the athlete.
Article Details
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
AGREEMENT ABOUT TRANSMISSION OF COPYRIGHT
I, the author of the article / We, the authors of the manuscript _______________________________________________________________________
in case of its acceptance for publication, we transfer the following rights to the founders and editorial boards of the scientific publication "Cherkasy University Bulletin: Biological Sciences Series":
1. Publication of this article in Ukrainian (English) and distribution of its printed version.
2. Dissemination of the electronic version of the article through any electronic means (placing on the official journal web site, in electronic databases, repositories, etc.). At the same time we reserve the right without consent of the editorial board and the founders:
1. Use the materials of the article in whole or in part for educational purposes.
2. To use the materials of the article in whole or in part for writing your own theses.
3. Use article materials to prepare Summarys, conference reports, and oral presentations.
4. Post electronic copies of the article (including the final electronic version downloaded from the journal's official website) to:
a. personal web-pecypcax of all authors (web sites, web pages, blogs, etc.);
b. web-pecypcax of the institutions where the authors work (including electronic institutional repositories);
with. non-profit, open-source web-pecypcax (such as arXiv.org).
With this agreement, we also certify that the submitted manuscript meets the following criteria:
1. Does not contain calls for violence, incitement of racial or ethnic enmity, which are disturbing, threatening, shameful, libelous, cruel, indecent, vulgar, etc.
2. Does not infringe the copyrights and intellectual property rights of others or organizations; contains all the references to the cited authors and / or publications envisaged by applicable copyright law, as well as the results and facts used in the article by other authors or organizations.
3. It has not been previously published in other publishers and has not been published in other publications.
4. Does not include materials that are not subject to publication in the open press, in accordance with applicable law.
____________________ ___________________
First name, Last name, signature of the author
"___" __________ 20__
References
Martinchik A. N., Maev I. V., Yanushevich O. O. (2005). Obshchaya nutritsiologiya [Genereal nutrition]. Moscow, Russia: Medpress-inform (in Rus).
Burke, L., & Deakin, V. (2010). Clinical sports nutrition. McGraw-Hill Book Company Australia.
Shils, M. E., & Shike, M. (2006). Modern nutrition in health and disease. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Thompson, J., Manore, M. M., & Skinner, J. S. (1993). Resting Metabolic Rate and Thermic Effect of a Meal in Low- and Adequate-Energy Intake Male Endurance Athletes. International Journal of Sport Nutrition, 3(2), 194-206. doi:10.1123/ijsn.3.2.194
Woods, A. L., Garvican-Lewis, L. A., Lundy, B., Rice, A. J., & Thompson, K. G. (2017). New approaches to determine fatigue in elite athletes during intensified training: Resting metabolic rate and pacing profile. Plos One, 12(3). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0173807
Cadegiani, F. A., & Kater, C. E. (2019). Novel insights of overtraining syndrome discovered from the EROS study. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 5(1). doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2019-000542
Woods, A. L., Rice, A. J., Garvican-Lewis, L. A., Wallett, A. M., Lundy, B., Rogers, M. A., . . . Thompson, K. G. (2018). The effects of intensified training on resting metabolic rate (RMR), body composition and performance in trained cyclists. Plos One, 13(2). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0191644
Ravussin, E., & Bogardus, C. (1989). Relationship of genetics, age, and physical fitness to daily energy expenditure and fuel utilization. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 49(5), 968-975. doi:10.1093/ajcn/49.5.968
Alméras, N., Mimeault, N., Serresse, O., Boulay, M. R., & Tremblay, A. (1991). Non-exercise daily energy expenditure and physical activity pattern in male endurance athletes. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 63(3-4), 184-187. doi:10.1007/bf00233845
Taguchi, M., Higuchi, M., Oka, J., Yoshiga, C., Ishida, Y., & Matsushita, M. (2001). Basal Metabolic Rate in Japanese Female Endurance Athletes. The Japanese Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, 59(3), 127-134. doi:10.5264/eiyogakuzashi.59.127
Koshimizu, T., Matsushima, Y., Yokota, Y., Yanagisawa, K., Nagai, S., Okamura, K., . . . Kawahara, T. (2012). Basal metabolic rate and body composition of elite Japanese male athletes. The Journal of Medical Investigation, 59(3.4), 253-260. doi:10.2152/jmi.59.253
Speakman, J. R., & Selman, C. (2003). Physical activity and resting metabolic rate. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 62(3), 621-634. doi:10.1079/pns2003282
Müller, M. J., Bosy-Westphal, A., Later, W., Haas, V., & Heller, M. (2009). Functional body composition: Insights into the regulation of energy metabolism and some clinical applications. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 63(9), 1045-1056. doi:10.1038/ejcn.2009.55
Bouchard, C., Tremblay, A., Nadeau, A., Després, J., Thériault, G., Boulay, M., . . . Fournier, G. (1989). Genetic effect in resting and exercise metabolic rates. Metabolism, 38(4), 364-370. doi:10.1016/0026-0495(89)90126-1
Heymsfield, S. B., Gallagher, D., Kotler, D. P., Wang, Z., Allison, D. B., & Heshka, S. (2002). Body-size dependence of resting energy expenditure can be attributed to nonenergetic homogeneity of fat-free mass. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, 282(1), 132–138. doi:10.1152/ajpendo.2002.282.1.e132
Wang, Z., Heshka, S., Gallagher, D., Boozer, C. N., Kotler, D. P., & Heymsfield, S. B. (2000). Resting energy expenditure-fat-free mass relationship: New insights provided by body composition modeling. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, 279(3), 539–545. doi:10.1152/ajpendo.2000.279.3.e539
Bullough, R. C., Gillette, C. A., Harris, M. A., & Melby, C. L. (1995). Interaction of acute changes in exercise energy expenditure and energy intake on resting metabolic rate. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 61(3), 473-481. doi:10.1093/ajcn/61.3.473
Midorikawa, T., Kondo, M., Beekley, M. D., Koizumi, K., & Abe, T. (2007). High REE in Sumo Wrestlers Attributed to Large Organ-Tissue Mass. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 39(4), 688-693. doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e31802f58f6
Mackenzie-Shalders, K. L., Byrne, N. M., King, N. A., & Slater, G. J. (2019). Are increases in skeletal muscle mass accompanied by changes to resting metabolic rate in rugby athletes over a pre-season training period? European Journal of Sport Science, 19(7), 885-892. doi:10.1080/17461391.2018.1561951